Development of Environmentally Friendly Amphicar

 

AMPHICAR II – System Specifications

1 Statement of work

Our team has aimed to produce an energy efficient, environmental friendly personal consumer vehicle that is capable of travelling on road and operating as a fun filled water vehicle. The project idea of AMPHICAR – II is to introduce the vehicle to the public; the first prototype will be used in crossing in the English Channel, beating Richard Branson’s record set in the Gibbs Aquada. The project background given by AdSing systems engineering, world leaders in revolutionary new system development, has undertaken the challenge of developing a state of the art amphibious vehicle for the consumer market. This is defined as the first phase of the project and the budget for this phase is $80000. This phase of the project will be completed in 30 days. After completion of the conceptual design of the AMPHICAR – II project, it shall be placed as a proposal put forward by AdSing to independent sub-contractors for further iterations of the system development cycle. For the successful completion of this phase of the project, we will have guided by our tutor (Bill Daniels) who is the systems Engineering Expert. The requirements of the vehicle is achieved by incorporating safety features, capability of travelling on road and water, customer satisfaction, robust design, lower operational cost, and after all the project should be completed within the budget. IEEE 1220 standard specifies the system engineering process and it is primarily targeting our product (Amphicar) oriented system, which defines the inter-disciplinary tasks that are required to our project throughout the lifecycle to transform stakeholder (Customer)needs, requirements and constraints in to our product development.

Therefore our group has emphasized to bring ideas in brainstorming session and initially conducted a assessment on potential customers before beginning the conceptual design. Here we have the conceptual design of the AMPHICAR project comprises of four different stages namely System engineering and management plan, Systems requirement specification, functional analysis & allocations and final stage of system specification. The project planning in fact it refers to SEMP which includes statement of work, work schedule, cost analysis, product testing methods, program management, risk management, resources required, deliverables, etc., System requirements specification stage are identified based on the needs and the project requirements. Functional analysis & allocation stage comprises with functional breakdown is done to determine the system & physical design overview, functional analysis and component details. At the final stage of system specification, AMPHICAR – II project undergoes evaluation and final documentation.

2. Referenced documents

AMPHICAR concept http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphicar Referred on 06/01/2010

The AMPHICAR Story http://books.google.com/books?id=C-PeNY12Ss8C&pg=PT12&dq=Amphicar+design&ei=ZQlIS5ezBpv-lASmprT3DQ&cd=4#v=onepage&q=Amphicar%20design&f=false Referred on 07/012010

IEEE 1220 Standard readings http://ieeexplore.ieee.org.ezlibproxy1.unisa.edu.au/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1631953&isnumber=34216 Referred on 09/01/2010

3. Work breakdown structure (this phase of the AMPHICAR project)

3.1 Schedule

In fact we have 30days time from 8th January 2010 till 8th February 2010 to complete an attractive high level conceptual design of AMPHICAR – II. The Systems specification preparation towards the Amphicar project will be worked in four different stages, under each stage the preparation compiled as draft and submitted through Assign IT on weekly basis. The weekly submission would ensure the timely completion of each stages include the project plan, system requirements specification and the functional analysis & allocation and the final systems specification preparation of the AMPHICAR II project to be submitted.

The complete details of the schedule can be seen in the Gantt chart on 1. The cost analysis and workout is also shown on Table 1.

AMPHICAR II – System Specifications

3.2 Cost

Sl No.

Planned Tasks

Budget (S$)

No. of hrs

Actual Cost (S$)

Balance (S$)

System Engineering Management Plan

20000

7 days

17850

2150

1

Statement of work

4

500

19500

2

Referenced Documents

6

3000

16500

3

Work Breakdown Structure

3.1

Work Schedule

4

1000

15500

3.2

Cost

12

1500

14000

3.3

Product Testing Methods

15

3500

10500

4

Program Management

8

1750

8750

5

Risk Management

8

1500

7250

6

Resources Required

4

2000

5250

7

Deliverables

4

1250

4000

8

Organizational Structure

4

850

3150

9

Operational Concept

4

1000

2150

Total

20000

73

17850

2150

System Requirement Specification

24000

7 days

20500

3500

10

Scope

10.1

System Overview

6

1500

22500

11

Referenced Documents

5

1250

21250

12

Needs

12

4000

17250

13

Requirements

13.1

General Requirements

8

2000

15250

13.2

System Capability

12

2500

12750

13.3

Safety Requirements

8

2000

10750

13.4

Personnel Related Requirement

8

1750

9000

13.5

Security and Privacy Requirement

10

1500

7500

13.6

Logistics related requirement

12

2500

5000

13.7

Other Requirements

6

1500

3500

Total

24000

87

20500

3500

Table 1 continued…………….

Functional Analysis & Allocation

24000

7days

18500

5500

14

Scope

14.1

System Overview

7

1750

22250

14.2

Document Overview

4

1000

21250

15

Referenced Documents

9

2250

19000

16

Functional Analysis

24

4000

15000

17

Physical Design Overview

24

6250

8750

18

Component Details

8

3250

5500

Total

24000

76

18500

5500

Final System Specification

12000

7 days

11250

1750

19

System Description

8

2000

11000

20

Operational Requirements

5

1500

9500

21

Operational Constraints

5

1500

8250

22

System Evaluation

16

3000

4250

23

Final Documentation

12

3250

1000

Total

13000

46

11250

1000

Final Total

80000

282

68100

11900

Table1. Cost

Note

* 1 day = 8hrs and 5days per week (Monday to Friday)

3.3. Product testing method

Product testing method is one of the most important steps in bringing out of our conceptual design of AMPHICAR – II Project, which demands the recognition in the future when the product shall complete and reached at the market. The final product here is the AMPHICAR which is capable of travelling both road and water.

The intention of the product testing method is to

Ensure that the conceptual design of the product meets the design standards for employability, consistency, and user friendliness towards its functionality.
Ensure the design meets the business goals and user needs.
Ensure the design does not permit any changes at the final stage of its requirements and concept
Ensure the behaviour of the system can be easily understood by the design engineers.
Make sure that the design provides proper guidance to the designers to resolve any issues that may arise.
Make sure that the design shall not distract the copyright of other brand in the global market.
Ensure that the design is properly employed by the design engineers which can be easily interacted by the users and other products.
Ensure the physical design matches up with the initial art design
Ensure the safety features incorporated in the product shall always be enabling and

These reviews are carried out at different phases precisely – Project plan, system requirement specification, functional analysis and allocation and final system specification. At the end of each and stage a discussion session is made where all the team members and the manager (who assess the detail of design from the sub-system level to the component level), are gathered to review their respective tasks in each phase and the ideas are taken for any necessary changes of any improvement that can be done for bringing the project successful.

The assessed document upon the end of each discussion will be sent as a draft to the project who verifies and evaluates the design and make a note to the manager and the team members if changes that are required for the design improvement and further evaluates after getting his job done by the team and approve the design and promote to the next phase. Thus the design of the final system specification is drawn and reviewed by the project director and approve the design for its release

4. Program management

Program management is the mechanism by which the work of various operating functions within a company is integrated to create an effective business model. When program management is properly conceived and executed, it helps to execute business strategies much more effectively than an uncoordinated approach. The program manager must possess operational competencies, including project management methods and tools, to effectively manage the tactical elements of the program. Another important aspect of this core discipline set is that of becoming proficient in the specific processes and practices of the company that the program manager is a part of. Knowing how things get done, the policies and procedures that must be adhered to and who must be involved and approve various aspects of their program are critical for the successful completion of every program.

During the early stages of conceptual design, it is essential that good communication between the producer and the customer be established from the beginning. The Design Engineer must fully understand the user requirements of the product to be designed. This can be achieved only we have a good communication between users. The communication modes used are Teleconference, E-mails, Fax and formal meeting between the project team members and others.

Meeting agenda ( 2a) will be formatted for all meetings and distributed to all members before one day.

And minutes of meeting ( 2b) are drafted and distributed to all members to follow up.

The primary objective of our program management plan is to facilitate the timely integration of numerous design considerations into a functioning and Physical system that will be of high value to the user. Our program management consists of SEMP which already Stated in Gantt chart (System Engineering Management Plan), Statement of work (SOW), Work break down structure, schedule of tasks, Projecting costs for program task and interfacing with other planning activities. Our project has mentioned a configuration management plan to track the changes done from the beginning to the final review.

During the later stage of our conceptual design we shall develop a comprehensive system engineering management plan (SEMP) to ensure the implementation of a program that will lead to a well coordinated and integrated product. a program is to exploit economies of scale and to reduce coordination costs and risks. programs deliver outcomes, program management is concerned with doing the right projects according to this view, successful projects deliver on time, to budget and to specification, whereas successful program deliver long term improvements to an organization design of the new product – this delivers a design specification, modifications to the production factory Program and project management are both practical disciplines, Program management also emphasizes the coordinating and prioritizing of resources across project. Program management may provide a layer above the management of projects and focuses on selecting the projects, defining us in terms of their objectives and providing an environment where projects can be run successfully. Our organizations use the concept of Systems engineering where others use program management, ensure there are regular reviews; there is accountability, and that management of projects, allocation of resources influences the cost and success of the program. Infrastructure might cover offices, version control, and IT. A project must always have a specific end date, else it is an ongoing program. A project is designed to deliver an output or deliverable and its success will be in terms of delivering the right output at the right time and to the right cost. Program management is the mechanism by which the work of various operating functions within a company is integrated to create an effective business model. When program management is properly conceived and executed, management includes management of projects which, together, improve the Program management is the mechanism by which the work of various operating functions within a company is integrated to create an effective business model. When program management is properly conceived and executed, performance of the organization. A program’s success will be measured in terms of benefits. Program Management comprises a comprehensive suite of services addressing the full program life cycle and implemented by dedicated and highly skilled team members. PMP (Project Management Professional

Program management practices put a continual focus on the business aspects of developing products, services and infrastructure. A skilled and competent program manager is the primary business manager on a program. We have Projects Managers that are certified and have decades of
experience applying project management techniques and disciplines to client engagements in all industries.

During our conceptual design phase we have scheduled a series of formal design reviews at discrete points where the design configuration involves from one level of definition to another. That is conceptual system, evolutions and design reviews. The successful implementation of system engineering principles and concepts is dependent not only on the technology issues and the process, but on management issues as well.

Our BLR Engineering prepared a program management plan comprising series review meeting, audits, approval from user, risk managements, and some essential contingency plans. This program management plan guides all over activities throughout the project.

5. Risk management

Risk management can therefore be considered the identification of the potential areas of risk. It is a part of the requirements and design stages in a project. Our team of experienced engineers has gone through the assessment and prioritization of risks followed by coordinated and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability and/or impact of unfortunate events or to maximize the realization of opportunities.

One of the first steps of our risk management is the identification of the potential areas of risk. Risk shall include funding, schedule, and contract, relationships, political and technical. All of these hazardous shall be identified and evaluated and risk mitigation performed. Risk analysis should be performed as part of the risk management process for each project.

Once a hazard identified as below, the steps of the risk management’s process are as follows,

– Assess the current risk

– Define the acceptable level of the risk

– Decision on the response of the risk.

Our risk management plan consists of four processes such as

1. Identification

2. Assessment

3. Analysis

4. Controls/Implementation

5. Responsibility

As far as concerned about conceptual design process we may have these few types of risk only. Which are?

1. Technical Risk

The possibility that technical requirement of the system will not be achieved. That is our design wont meets the system requirements adequately. We have planned to tackle such risk by remedial actions given in the table below

2. Schedule Risk

The possibility that the project will fail to meet the scheduled milestones, such as those mentioned in our project plan. To tackle this issue we have identified possible cause and effects and of course the remedial actions to be taken respective

3. Cost Risk

The possibility that the project will fail to meet the scheduled milestones and the cost of the project will go up and difficult to meet the budget.

These are the probable risk that might be encountered and the contingency plan to overcome in the planning phase:

Potential Risk 1

Difficulties in meeting up for our group member to discuss on the project due to different working schedule.

Possible Solution to Risk1

Meeting to be done on every Saturday afternoon so the plans can be executed in the weekends before submitting the drafts. Ideally, meeting could also be schedule after 8 pm for a brief update on progress.

Potential Risk 2

Group members have difficulties in meeting at convenient venue.

Possible Solution to Risk2

Meeting can be done at any National Libraries or APMI campus when not only the environment is convenient for learning

Potential Risk 3

Group member/s might fall sick and might not be able to meet for discussion.

Possible Solution to Risk3

Work progress should be continually updated through email.

Potential Risk 4

Group member/s may face problems in software incompatibility and in data sharing.

Possible Solution to Risk4

Group member must work on common PC platform to avoid compatibility issues (e.g. one works on LINUX, and another one works on Mac Operating System and may result in unintended data corruption unable to read or edit documents. Better to work on common platform PC like Microsoft OFFICE and OpenProj for common means of compatibility. Any need of using unfamiliar program must be made known and shared so that each and everyone of the member can learn and use the new program.

Potential Risk 5

Anyone of the Group member might encounter risk of data loss or corruption.

Possible Solution to Risk5

Group member must regularly backup their data on their PC and must have a secondary means of backup (eg. Thumb drive or external hard drive).

Seek advice from Mr. Bill Daniels through the discussion Board provided on course website.

Initial Project Risk Assessment

SNo

Identify

Hazard

Hazard

Assessment

Causes & Effects

Implement / Controls

Responsi-

bility

1

Budget estimation

unlikely

1. Substantial cost increase in the project

1. Source for more economical alternative to control spending.

2. Maintain strict accounting practice.

Balaji

2

Unrealistic Projected timeline

Frequently

1. Delay in project

2. Bad image for team

3. Loss due to time delay

Strict to the time frame set for the work schedule and Gantt chart.

Balaji

3

Disruption to System Equipment

Frequently

1. Loss of Equipment

2. Delay in project

1. Constant backup.

2. Escalate of any unusual encounter.

Rakesh

4

Manpower management

Frequently

1. Delay in project

2. Overload of team member

1. Co-ordinate meeting regularly to delegate task and work discussion.

2. Meeting to be done on Saturday

Lakshmanan

5

Group members have difficulties in meeting at convenient venue

Likely

1. Delay in project

2. Substantial delay in all phases of the project

Meeting can be done at any National Libraries or APMI campus when not only the environment is conducive for learning but laptop user could have access to internet wireless connection.

Lakshmanan

6

Face problems in software incompatibility and in data sharing.

Likely

1. Delay in document work

2. Delay in project

Group member must work on common PC platform to avoid compatibility issues (e.g. one works on LINUX, and another one works on APPLE Operating System and may result in unintended data corruption unable to read or edit documents. Better to work on common platform PC like Microsoft OFFICE and OpenProj for common means of compatibility. Any need of using unfamiliar program must be made known and shared so that each and everyone of the member can learn and use the new program

Rakesh

7

Group member might encounter risk of data loss or corruption.

Likely

1. Loss of all details and documents.

Group member must regularly backup their data on their PC and must have a secondary means of backup (e.g. Hard disk, Thumb drive).

Rakesh

8

Vendor and Supplier co-ordination issue.

Frequently

1. Delay in project

2. Bad image for team

3. Loss due to time delay

Plan early and have back-up resources in the event existing vendor meet constraint.

Lakshmanan

9

Having doubt in preparing draft.

Frequently

1. Delay in project

Seek advice from Mr Bill Daniels through the discussion Board provided on course website.

Balaji

Lakshmanan

Rakesh

Table2. Initial Project Risk Assessment

6. Resources required

Resources are also a very important in the course of a project development. Availability of the different kinds of resources must be used satisfactorily. It is critical to establish a credible schedule because the timing of activities not only depends on the logical dependencies between them, but also on the availability of the required resources.

Our group member has used as many as facilities available to achieve the required satisfaction of the information. The resources we use to accomplish the goal of acquiring the conceptual design of an amphibious car are,

Hardware

I. Computer

§ To work on the project report development

II. Computer peripherals

§ To copy the draft data.

§ To print the draft copy for verification.

Software

III. Core University 5.0 by Vitech Corporation

§ To have the breakdown of the requirements

§ To display the conceptual design through Flow Functional Block Diagram and Hierarchy

Application Packages

IV. Microsoft Project Professional 2003

§ To create schedule for the entire project plan

§ To design the chart for the work task allocation

§ Ensure the time limited for the task is look upon

V. Microsoft Word

§ To type the final specification report of the project

Facilities

VI. Internet media

§ To gain access to the video media regarding amphibious vehicle such as you tube

§ To search related information regarding amphibious vehicle

§ To gain access to the related websites

§ To have communication with the project supervisor

§ To have a convenient place to discuss the project development matters

§ The usage of this media is vastly great

VII. Money/Time

Funds

§ To have food/refreshments for members attending discussion for the entire project plan

§ Towards the expenses like photocopying, phone calls, printing / copying

§ To have transport facilities

§ To make free ourselves on the discussion planned days.

7 Deliverables

For our project’s deliverables are the stuff/function that can be the result for the task implementation, it consists of things or stuff such as presentation (MSPowerpoint Slideshows), documentation requirements, total design documentation etc. The documents as deliverables used here are namely the System Engineering Management Plan, System Requirement, Functional Analysis and Allocation, and Final System Specification.

System Engineering Management Plan (SEMP)

This plan consists of the Scope of the Project, Work Breakdown Structure as Schedule, Cost and Product Testing method, Operation concept. It has to be executed in such a way to get the best result by assigning individual task to the respective team members thereby lead the project together with proper planning to bring the required outcome.

System Requirements and Specifications (SRS)

This emphasise the task that determines the needs for the product, users, designers, system and subsystems. It identifies the needs of each stakeholder.

Functional Analysis and Allocation (FA & A)

This transforms the system level requirement into functions and analyse the behaviour of the system to get the desired result. And these functions are allocated into a physical design (component level). It can be seen in detail through Functional flow block diagram.

Final system specification

This document comprises all the above three documents which seeks approval from the Project director for the release of the design to Production.

8. Organisational structure

We believe on team work, so at all phases the task has been evenly distributed to our team members according to their role. The process flow is as follows, getting the instruction from project director the task has been distributed to the Project & Design engineer by the Project manager and also the whole project is monitored by the Project director.

9. Operational Concept

The world is in needs of better and more effective and efficient vehicle that could save money, earth, resources and time of travelling which will be having the various good features when operates in both the environments. Keeping that in mind our Engineering team with the engineering skills would like to design an amphibious vehicle having capable of travelling both in road and water. i.e user friendly navigation system safety protection which will meet the customer needs as customer is mainly dependent on the effective and efficient transportation to commute in his day to day life. As the name goes, the designed Amphibious Car having the capability to travel both on land and on water –promises to be more environmental friendly than any other amphibious car compared to existing or future market .The idea behind this is from the automobile researchers who have been done and many have succeeded but unable to market the vehicle as it still needs more work has to be done. Some engineers also did research beyond their imagination but some have succeeded and some are still a long way.

The conceptual design of amphibious vehicle will be aimed to provide comfortable journey, trouble free service, energy efficient and environment friendly with Safety features for the customers and the features include well designed with double secured protection against water leak and corrosion of vehicle’s body parts by using the anti corrosive materials and fail safe controls , fuel efficient, operating at an economical way by giving good mileage and the vehicle would be engineered in way of reducing carbon dioxide emission and reducing pollution to Mother Nature as analysed by our expert engineers it would also benefit the market as a new breed of automobile needs many suitable workshop and fuel station.

The vehicle has a robust designed in such a way it is very compatibility for both the conditions either it is in water or on the land. The vehicle will be operated as a boat when in water and navigation system made easy during high tides water currents and during windy seasons. The vehicle will be like normal cars when it operates on the road. The design of the bigger wheels will be providing a better ride in terrain, mud and snow and excellent traction capability with 4 gear power transmission and will provide excellent driving experience. The Vehicle will be designed to have a sportive external look. The look and feel of the designed vehicle is such that it would posses pleasant Interior colours , leg room’s spacious comfortable seatings and incorporating entertainment systems which ensures smooth and comfortable rides both on land and water. The vehicle would be cost effective under long run as the he vehicle has been designed in a way that would have less maintenance. The rugged and robust design assures reliability of the vehicle. The vehicle will equipped with a spare tyre and necessary tools. Our team has scheduled the conceptual design tasks and our expertise will fulfil every aspect of the customer requirement in terms of operational, maintenance and service needs and to make it big success in the market.

1. Scope
1.1 System overview

Our project “Amphicar II” as the name suggests the vehicle is designed such that is viable both on land and water. It is a sports convertible full rear seat, well designed family size customer vehicle taking into account for the complete luxury as well as the safety of the customer. Customer can plan to drive right off a road or beach onto any lake or river as it is not only a luxurious car once on land but safely floats on water also because the bottom of the vehicle consists of rubber seals which forms a watertight seal. Some of the key design specification of the Amphicar II are: It’s proficient 4 cylinder engine has 4 speed auto transmission forward speeds, Front wheels act as twin rudders for fast responsive handling, rear mounted for superior traction on the road, fitted with accelerator control system making the vehicle to run fuel economically both in road and water fitted with 2 rear lamps each and inbuilt side indicators, Speed O meter (digital) to display the cars speed,

Coming to the functional aspect of the Amphicar II, once the doors are checked to be closed the customer can just drive into the water edge, and once when the car is into water, the customer is required to put land gear into neutral and then can use the facilities of the propeller or Amphibian jet by engaging it with the smaller stick which has three positions forward, neutral and reverse.

Although virtually it is identical to the rest of the Amphibious vehicles, our Amphicar II distinct itself from other late models by having some of the technologies like heater placement, shock mountings, lower body lip and dash treatment and most importantly safety aspect is also considered like emergenc

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